Pesan Amman: Kerukunan Antar Ummat Islam Sunni dan Syi'ah

"Tidak ada kebaikan pada kebanyakan bisikan-bisikan mereka, kecuali bisikan-bisikan dari orang yang menyuruh (manusia) memberi sedekah, atau berbuat ma'ruf, atau mengadakan perdamaian di antara manusia. Dan barangsiapa yang berbuat demikian karena mencari keredhaan Allah, maka kelak Kami memberi kepadanya pahala yang besar." [An Nisaa' 114]

Ini adalah Pesan Amman (Amman Message) yang diprakarsai Raja Yordania, Abdullah II, dengan mengundang 200 tokoh Islam dari berbagai negara.

http://ammanmessage.com

Pesan Amman menyatakan keabsahan 8 Mazhab Islam dari Sunni, Syi'ah, dan Ibadhi. Begitu pula Tauhid Asy'ari, Sufi, dan Salafi sejati sebagai Muslim. Dari situ mereka melarang pengkafiran (takfir) antara sesama Muslim. Berdasarkan Mazhab2 itu juga ditentukan persyaratan Fatwa sehingga tidak ada kezaliman atas nama Islam.

Pesan Amman didukung oleh  Shaykh Al-Azhar Mohammed Sayyid Tantawi, Ayatollah Sistani, Sheikh Yusuf Qaradawi, Mufti Mesir Ali Goma, Din Syamsuddin, Raja Yordania, Raja Arab Saudi, Raja Bahrain, beserta 200 Tokoh Islam lainnya. Selain itu ada pula tokoh Syi'ah seperti Imam Syi'ah Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Ahmadinejad, dan Ayatollah Ali Sistani dari Iraq:

http://ammanmessage.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=17&Itemid=31

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amman_Message

Meski demikian saya lihat ada beberapa aliran sesat yang coba membonceng Pesan Amman ini seperti aliran sesat Ahmadiyyah yang mengakui Ghulam Mirza Ahmad sebagai Nabi.

Ada beberapa hal yang tetap harus kita waspadai:

1. Jika ada yang menyembah selain Allah misalnya memperTuhankan Ali, dsb, maka ini sesat.

2. Jika menganggap Al Qur'an tidak asli atau punya Al Qur'an sendiri maka ini sesat.

3. Jika menghina sahabat Nabi seperti Abu Bakar, Umar, Usman, dan istri Nabi Siti 'Aisyah, maka ini sesat.

4. Jika mengakui manusia bisa menyatu dengan Allah seperti paham Wihdatul Wujud, maka ini juga sesat.

Ada pun kesesatan segelintir orang misalnya 10 juta Syi'ah sesat, itu bukan alasan bagi kita untuk mengkafirkan 120 juta Syi'ah yang lain jika mereka tidak melakukan kesesatan seperti hal di atas. Contohnya di Yogya ada ribuan orang yang melarung sesajen untuk Penguasa Laut Selatan. Itu bukan alasan bagi kita untuk mengkafirkan jutaan Muslim di Yogya yang insya Allah lurus.

Ada sebagian Wahabi Takfiri yang berdalih bahwa yang dinyatakan lurus cuma "Mazhab Fiqih Syi'ah". Ada pun Aqidahnya tetap sesat. Jika benar begitu, kenapa beberapa ulama Syi'ah seperti Ali Khamenei dan Ali Sistani ikut diajak dan menandatangani Deklarasi Amman?

Begitu pula saat Syekh Al Azhar Mahmoud Syaltout menyatakan bahwa Mazhab Ja'fari (Syi'ah) sebagai mazhab ke 5 yang sah, disebut cuma Fiqihnya saja yang lurus. Ada pun aqidahnya sesat. Padahal beda dgn Imam Malik atau Imam Syafi'ie yang memang dikenal sebagai Imam Fiqih, Imam Ja'far (lahir tahun 80 H dan keturunan dari Nabi dan Abu Bakar Siddiq) bukan cuma Imam Fiqih, tapi juga aqidah bahkan kaum Syi'ah menganggapnya sebagai salah satu Imam dari 12 Imam mereka.

Ada pula Wahabi Takfiri yang menyebut Mazhab Ja'fari sesat karena ada hal yg di Sunni diharamkan, tapi di situ dihalalkan. Padahal Imam Ja'far yang merupakan guru dari Imam Abu Hanifah dan Imam Malik itu disebut sebagai Imam baik oleh Syi'ah mau pun Sunni karena ilmunya memang dalam. Sulit menerima jika Mazhab muridnya seperti Imam Malik dan Imam Abu Hanifah lurus, tapi Mazhab sang guru justru sesat. Contoh perbedaan halal/haram adalah binatang yang hidup di 2 alam haram menurut Mazhab Syafi'ie, tapi menurut Mazhab Maliki itu halal. Menyentuh wanita membatalkan wudlu menurut Mazhab Syafi'iem tapi menurut Mazhab Maliki tidak membatalkan. Jadi beda halal-haram itu biasa selama ada dalilnya.

Pesan Amman dan Perubahan Generasi Islam

SELASA, 04 JANUARI 2011 07:49

ILUSTRASI: Dengan semakin berubahnya zaman dan kian banyaknya pengaruh luar, Islam semakin ditafsirkan secara berbeda sehingga membentuk golongan-golongan. (Foto: Google)

AMMAN (Berita SuaraMedia) – Generasi terbaik yang pernah ada dalam sejarah Islam setelah era Rasulullah dan para sahabat adalah Al Ash’ari lahir tahun 270 H dan meninggal tahun 320 H. Ibn Hambali lahir tahun 164 H dan meninggal 241 H. Al Shafi’i lahir tahun 150 H dan meninggal tahun 204 H. Malik lahir tahun 95 H dan meninggal tahun 179 H. Abu Hannafi lahir tahun 80 H dan meninggal tahun 150 H.

Namun setelah generasi itu berakhir, Islam semakin ditafsirkan secara berbeda sehingga membentuk golongan-golongan dengan keyakinannya sendiri.

Adalah pesan Amman yang dimulai sebagai pernyataan detail yang dirilis pada malam ke-27 Ramadan tahun 1425 H atau 9 November 2004 oleh Raja Abdullah II bin Al Hussein di Amman, Yordania. Pernyataan itu mendeklarasikan tentang apa itu Islam dan apa yang bukan Islam, dan aksi apa yang diwakilinya dan aksi apa yang tidak. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengklarifikasi ke dunia modern sifat sesungguhnya Islam dan sifat dari Islam yang sesungguhnya.

Untuk memberikan kekuasaan lebih pada pernyataan itu, Raja Abdullah kemudian mengirimkan tiga pertanyaan ke 24 cendekiawan agama paling senior dari seluruh dunia yang mewakili segala cabang dan aliran Islam: (1) Siapakah seorang Muslim itu? (2) Bolehkah menyatakan seseorang sebagai murtad? (3) Siapakah yang punya hak untuk mengeluarkan fatwa?

Berdasarkan fatwa-fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh para cendekiawan ini (yang termasuk Sheikh Al Azhar, Ayatollah Sistani dan Sheikh Qaradawi), di bulan Juli 2005, Raja Abdullah II menggelar konferensi Islam internasional yang dihadiri oleh 200 cendekiawan Islam terkemuka dunia dari 50 negara. Di Amman, para cendekiawan mengeluarkan keputusan tentang tiga isu fundamental (yang kemudian menjadi "Tiga Poin dalam Pesan Amman"), yaitu:

1.Mereka secara spesifik mengakui validitas dari kedelapan madzab Sunni, Syiah, dan Ibadhi Islam; dari Teologi Islam tradisional (Ash’arism); dari Mistisisme Islam (Sufisme) dan pemikiran Salafi yang sesungguhnya, dan menemukan definisi tepat dari siapa itu Muslim.

2.    Berdasarkan definisi itu mereka melarang takfir (deklarasi murtad) di antara sesama Muslim.

3.Berdasarkan madzab, mereka menetapkan prasyarat subyektif dan obyektif untuk mengeluarkan fatwa, dengan demikian menyingkapkan fatwa bodoh dan tidak sah atas nama Islam.

Ketiga poin itu kemudian diadopsi sejak bulan Juli 2005 sampai Juli 2006 oleh para pemimpin politik dan temporal dunia Muslim. (rin/abn) www.suaramedia.com

http://www.suaramedia.com/berita-dunia/dunia-islam/35690-pesan-amman-dan-perubahan-generasi-islam.html

THE AMMAN MESSAGE

SUMMARY

'[T]he best resource for those who wish to travel along the straight path in their words and their actions, and in their spiritual and religious life'.

— The Grand Shaykh of the Azhar, Shaykh Mohammed Sayyid Tantawi (may God have mercy on him), 2006.

The Amman Message started as a detailed statement released the eve of the 27th of Ramadan 1425 AH / 9th November 2004 CE by H.M. King Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein in Amman, Jordan. It sought to declare what Islam is and what it is not, and what actions represent it and what actions do not. Its goal was to clarify to the modern world the true nature of Islam and the nature of true Islam.

In order to give this statement more religious authority, H.M. King Abdullah II then sent the following three questions to 24 of the most senior religious scholars from all around the world representing all the branches and schools of Islam: (1) Who is a Muslim? (2) Is it permissible to declare someone an apostate (takfir)? (3) Who has the right to undertake issuing fatwas (legal rulings)?

Based on the fatwas provided by these great scholars (who included the Shaykh Al-Azhar; Ayatollah Sistani and Sheikh Qaradawi), in July 2005 CE, H.M. King Abdullah II convened an international Islamic conference of 200 of the world's leading Islamic scholars 'Ulama) from 50 countries. In Amman, the scholars unanimously issued a ruling on three fundamental issues (which became known as the 'Three Points of the Amman Message'):

They specifically recognized the validity of all 8 Mathhabs (legal schools) of Sunni, Shi'a and Ibadhi Islam; of traditional Islamic Theology (Ash'arism); of Islamic Mysticism (Sufism), and of true Salafi thought, and came to a precise definition of who is a Muslim.
Based upon this definition they forbade takfir (declarations of apostasy) between Muslims.
Based upon the Mathahib they set forth the subjective and objective preconditions for the issuing of fatwas, thereby exposing ignorant and illegitimate edicts in the name of Islam.
These Three Points were then unanimously adopted by the Islamic World's political and temporal leaderships at the Organization of the Islamic Conference summit at Mecca in December 2005. And over a period of one year from July 2005 to July 2006, the Three Points were also unanimously adopted by six other international Islamic scholarly assemblies, culminating with the International Islamic Fiqh Academy of Jeddah, in July 2006. In total, over 500 leading Muslim scholars worldwide—as can be seen on this website [click here to see the entire list]—unanimously endorsed the Amman Message and its Three Points.

This amounts to a historical, universal and unanimous religious and political consensus (ijma') of the Ummah (nation) of Islam in our day, and a consolidation of traditional, orthodox Islam. The significance of this is: (1) that it is the first time in over a thousand years that the Ummah has formally and specifically come to such a pluralistic mutual inter-recognition; and (2) that such a recognition is religiously legally binding on Muslims since the Prophet (may peace and blessings be upon him) said: My Ummah will not agree upon an error (Ibn Majah, Sunan, Kitab al-Fitan, Hadith no.4085).

This is good news not only for Muslims, for whom it provides a basis for unity and a solution to infighting, but also for non-Muslims. For the safeguarding of the legal methodologies of Islam (the Mathahib) necessarily means inherently preserving traditional Islam's internal 'checks and balances'. It thus assures balanced Islamic solutions for essential issues like human rights; women's rights; freedom of religion; legitimate jihad; good citizenship of Muslims in non-Muslim countries, and just and democratic government. It also exposes the illegitimate opinions of radical fundamentalists and terrorists from the point of view of true Islam. As George Yeo, the Foreign Minister of Singapore, declared in the 60th Session of the U.N. General Assembly (about the Amman Message): "Without this clarification, the war against terrorism would be much harder to fight."

Finally, whilst this by the Grace of God is a historical achievement, it will clearly remain only principial unless it is put into practice everywhere. For this reason, H.M. King Abdullah II is now seeking to implement it, God willing, through various pragmatic measures, including (1) inter-Islamic treaties; (2) national and international legislation using the Three Points of the Amman Message to define Islam and forbid takfir; (3) the use of publishing and the multi-media in all their aspects to spread the Amman Message; (4) instituting the teaching of the Amman Message in school curricula and university courses worldwide; and (5) making it part of the training of mosque Imams and making it included in their sermons.

God says in the Holy Qur'an says:

There is no good in much of their secret conferences save (in) whosoever enjoineth charity and fairness and peace-making among the people and whoso doeth that, seeking the good pleasure of God, We shall bestow on him a vast reward. (Al-Nisa, 4:114).

http://ammanmessage.com/

GRAND LIST OF ENDORSEMENTS OF THE AMMAN MESSAGE AND ITS THREE POINTS

(July 2005–July 2006) Total number of signatures: 552 * from 84 countries CODE / CONFERENCE TOTAL § True Islam and Its Role in Modern Society Conference, Amman (July 2005) [THREE POINTS VERSION 1] signed 201 ¶ Forum of Muslim Ulama and Thinkers, Mecca (September 2005) endorsed 42 * Islamic Schools of Jurisprudence Conference, Aal Al-Bayt University, Jordan (November 2005) endorsed 33 ∞ 9th Session of the Council of Ministers of Religious Endowments and Islamic Affairs, Kuwait (November 2005) endorsed 7 ∫ 3rd Extraordinary Session, OIC, Mecca (December 2005) endorsed 54 ≈ Moderate Islamic Thought and Culture, Amman (April 2006)[THREE POINTS VERSION 1] signed 55 ◊ International Fiqh Academy Conference, Amman (June 2006)[THREE POINTS VERSION 2] signed 68 π Muslims of Europe Conference, Istanbul (July 2006) endorsed 157 * Many of those who endorsed or signed did so more than once, on separate occasions. Hence the discrepancy in the total number vis-à-vis the sum of the numbers of the conferences. ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN H.E. Mr. Hamid Karzai ∫ President Amb. Nusair Ahmad Nour § Afghani Ambassador to Qatar Islamic Envoy of the Government of Afghanistan REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA H.E. Mr. Florent Celiku ∫ Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs Mr. Tahir Zenelhasani π PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ALGERIA H.E. Mr. Abdel Aziz Belkhadem ∫ Minister of Foreign Affairs H.E. Lakhdar Ibrahimi § Special Envoy of the Secretary General of the United Nations; Former Foreign Minister of Algeria Prof. Dr. Abd Allah bin al-Hajj Muhammad Al Ghulam Allah § Minister of Religious Affairs Dr. Mustafa Sharif § Minister of Higher Education and Former Algerian Ambassador in Cairo Shaykh Yusuf bin Mahdi ¶  Professor and Member of the Fatwa Committee in Algeria Dr. Sa‘id Shayban § Former Minister of Religious Affairs Prof. Dr. Ammar Al-Talibi § Department of Philosophy, University of Algeria Mr. Abu Jara Al-Sultani § ≈ Head of the Algerian Peace Society Movement Dr. Ammar Jaydal * Batina University Dr. Muhammad Zurman * Batina University AUSTRALIA Shaykh Salim ‘Ulwan al-Hassani fatwa § Secretary General Darulfatwa, Islamic High Council Ms. Maha Karim Abdo ≈ AUSTRIA Prof. Anas Al-Shaqfa § π Head of the Islamic Commission Ayman Aly π Federation of the Islamic Organizations in Europe, Graz Mr. Tarafa Baghajati § π Initiative of Austrian Muslims REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN H.E. Mr. Ilham Aliev ∫ President Shaykh Al-Islam Allah-Shakur bin Hemmat Bashazada § Grand Mufti and Head of the Muslim Administration of the Caucasus KINGDOM OF BAHRAIN H.M. King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa ∫ Shaykh Dr. Muhammad Ali Al-Sutri § Minister of Justice Dr. Farid bin Ya‘qub Al-Miftah § ¶ Undersecretary of the Ministry for Islamic Affairs Mr. Mansour Al-Jamri ≈ Dr. Ibrahim Fadil Al-Dibbo ◊ Professor, Faculty of Humanities, University of Bahrain PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH H.E. Begum Khaleda Zia ∫ Prime Minister Prof. Dr. Abu Al-Hasan Sadiq § President of the Asian University of Bangladesh Prof. Shamshir Ali ¶ President of the Academy of Sciences and University Vice-President BELGIUM Mr. Ismail Batakli π Professor of Islamic Studies Mr. Mohamed Boulif π President, Islamic Executive Council Mr. Ahmed Bouziane π Dr. Karim Chemlal π Pasteur Institute, Lille Mrs. Malika Hamidi-Hosseinpour π Coordinator, European Muslim Network Mr. Ibrahim Kocaoglu π Sheikh Yacob Mahi π Professor of Islamic Studies, Athénée Royal Léonardo da Vinci Dr. Abdelmajid Mhauchi π Professor of Islamic Studies Mr. Khallad Swaid π President, Forum of the European Muslim Youth and Student Organization (FEMYSO) REPUBLIC OF BENIN H.E. Mr. Dzulkifli Salami ∫ Senior Minister of Planning, Economy and Development Shaykh Fathi Shitu ◊ BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Prof. Dr. Shaykh Mustafa Ceric § π Head of the ‘Ulama’ and Grand Mufti of Bosnia and Herzegovina Prof. Hasan Makic § Mufti of Bihac H.E. Professor Enes Karic¶ Professor in Faculty of Islamic Studies Prof. Anes Ljevakovic § Researcher and Lecturer, Islamic Studies College Dr. Ahmet Alibasic π Lecturer, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Sarajevo Mr. Amer Bukvic π Islamic Development Bank Imam Senaid Kobilica π Vice President, Islamic Council of Norway Mr. Mirnes Kovac π Journalist, Preporod Islamic Newspaper Dr. Sukrija Ramic π University of Zenica BRUNEI DARUSSALAM H.M. Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah ∫ Prof. Suhaili bin Hajj Muhyi Al-Din ◊ Deputy Mufti of Brunei BURKINA FASO H.E. Mr. Youssouf Ouedraogo ∫ Minister of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs Dr. Abu Bakr Dakuri ¶ ◊ Member of the Executive Council, ISESCO BRAZIL Shaykh Ali Muhammad Abduni § Representative of the International Islamic Youth Club in Latin America; Accredited Religious Representative of the Dar Al-Fatwa of the Republic of Lebanon in Sao Paolo REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON H.E. Mr. Marfa Hamidou Yaya ∫ Minister of State Shaykh Mahmud Malbakri ◊ Imam, Grand Mosque and President of the Council of ‘Ulama’ CANADA Shaykh Faraz Rabbani § Hanafi Scholar, Sunnipath.com Mr. Fouzan Khan π Reviving the Islamic Spirit Organization REPUBLIC OF CHAD H.E. Mr. Idris Derby ∫ President Shaykh Dr. Hussein Hasan Abkar § President, Higher Council; for Islamic Affairs Imam of Muslims, Chad Mr. Tijani Sabun Muhammad ◊ UNION OF COMOROS H.E. Mr. Kub Mohamed Lisharti ∫ Deputy President REPUBLIC OF COTE D’IVOIRE H.E. Mr. Hamza Salleh ∫ Ambassador in Riyadh DENMARK Imam Fatih Alev π Danish Association of Cybermuslims REPUBLIC OF DJIBUTI H.E. Mr. Ismail Omar Gulleh ∫ President Shaykh Abd Al-Rahman Sulayman Bashir ¶ Member of the Higher Judiciary Council ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT H.E. Mr. Mohamed Hosni Mubarak ∫ President H.E. Grand Imam Prof. Dr. Muhammad Sayyid Tantawi fatwa  Shaykh al-Azhar Prof. Dr. Mahmud Hamdi Zaqzuq § ∞ Minister of Religious Affairs Prof. Dr. Ali Jumu‘a fatwa § * ∫ ◊ Grand Mufti of the Arab Republic of Egypt Prof. Dr. Ahmad Muhammad Al-Tayyib § President of Al-Azhar University Prof. Dr. Kamal Abu Al-Majd § Islamic Intellectual; Former Minister of Information; Attorney in the Court of Cassation and International Specialist in Judiciary Affairs Prof. Dr. Muhammad Al-Ahmadi Abu Al-Nur § * Former Minister of Religious Affairs in the Arab Republic of Egypt; Professor in the Faculty of Islamic Law, Yarmouk University, Jordan Prof. Dr. Fawzi Al-Zifzaf § Chairman of the Permanent Committee of Noble Al-Azhar for Dialogue Among the Heavenly Religions; Member of the Academy of Islamic Research Prof. Dr. Hasan Hanafi § Researcher and Islamic Intellectual, Department of Philosophy, Cairo University; Fellow of the Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought Prof. Dr. Muhammad Muhammad Al-Kahlawi § Secretary of the General Union of Islamic Archaeologists; Dean of the Faculty of Antiquities, Fayyum Branch, Cairo University Prof. Dr. Ayman Fuad Sayyid § Former Secretary General, Dar al-Kutub Al-Misriyya Shaykh Dr. Zaghlul Najjar § Head of the Committee on The Miraculous Nature of the Qur’an in the Higher Council for Islamic Affairs, Egypt Shaykh Moez Masood § Islamic Missionary Prof. Dr. Muhammad Al-Dasuqi *  Researcher and Member of the Forum for the Proximity of the Islamic Schools of Jurisprudence Mr. Amr Khaled π Islamic Missionary Mr. Bara Kherigi π Director, Awakening Records Dr. Heba Raouf Ezzat π Department of Political Science, Cairo University Dr. Ja‘far Abdussalam ◊ President of the League of Islamic Universities Dr. Shawqi Ahmad Dunya ◊ Dean of the (Womens’) Faculty of Commerce, Al-Azhar University Dr. ‘Umar ‘Abd Al-Kafi ≈ Dr. Huda ‘Abd Al-Sami‘ ≈ Eng. ‘Amr Faruk Farid ≈ Mr. Muhammad Al-Samman Lutfi ≈ Eng. Abu Al-‘Ala Madi ≈ Dr. ‘Abd Al-Wahhab Al-Masiri ≈ Dr. ‘Abd Al-Halim Oweis ≈ Mr. Ahmad Sha‘ban ≈ Mr. Husam Tammam ≈ Mr. Muntasir Al-Zayyat ≈ Dr. Raged al-Sirjani § Dr. Muhammad Hidaya § Dr. Muhammad Abd al-Mun‘im Abu Zayd ◊ Professor, Faculty of Shari‘ah, Department of Islamic Economics, Yarmouk University REPUBLIC OF FRANCE Shaykh Prof. Dalil Abu Bakr § Chairman of the France Supreme Council of the Islamic Religion and Dean of the Paris Mosque Dr. Husayn Rais § Director of Cultural Affairs, Paris Grand Mosque Prof. Dr. Abd Al-Majid Al-Najjar * President of the Islamic Centre, Paris Dr. Fouad Alaoui π  President, Union of Islamic Organizations in France (UOIF) Ms. Fatiha Ajbli π  Sociologist Ms. Siham Andalouci π  Member, Présence Musulman Dr. Ahmed Bakcan π  Representative, Milli Görüs Mr. Abdelwaheb Bakli π  President, Muslim Youth of France Shaykh Khalid Adlen Bentounes π  Alawiyah Sufi Order; Honorary President of the International Association of the Friends of Islam Mr. El Hadji Babou Biteye π  President, Muslim Students of France (EMF) Mr. Laj Thami Breze π Union of Islamic Organizations in France (UOIF) Mr. Haydar Demiryürek π  Secretary General, The Islamic Council of France Dr. Boubaker El Hadj Amor π  Treasurer, Union of Islamic Organizations in France (UOIF) Shaykh Ounis Guergah π  Head of the Fatwa House, Paris Prof. Dr. Ömer Faruk Harman π  DITIP, Germany Mr. Fouad Imarraine π  Collecive of Muslims of France Dr. Ahmed Jaballah π  Member of the European Council for Fatwa and Reseach, France Mrs. Noura Ben Hamouda Jaballah π  President of European women forum (France) Dr. Zuhair Mahmood π  Institute for the Human Sciences (IESH), Paris Dr. Mohamed Mestiri π  Director, International Institute of Islamic Thought, Paris Mr. Abdelmajid Najar π Ms. Nora Rami π  Free Community Organization, Paris Shaykh Zakaria Seddiki π Dr. Muhamad Bashari ◊ President, Federal Society for Muslims in France REPUBLIC OF GABON H.E. Elhadj Ali Bongo Awadamba ∫ Minister of National Defence and Chairman of Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs and Special Envoy of the President REPUBLIC OF GAMBIA H.E. Alhaji Dr. Yahya A.J.J. Jammeh ∫ President Mr. Samba Fall ∞ Minister of Foreign Affairs, Youth, Sport, and Religious Affairs Gambia. Prof. Dr. Omar Jah ¶ ◊  Former Deputy Assistant to the President for Special Assistance Programs at the Islamic Development Bank, Jeddah REPUBLIC OF GERMANY Prof. Dr. Murad Hofmann § Former German Ambassador to Morocco; Intellectual and Researcher Shaykh Salah Al-Din Al-Ja‘farawi § Assistant Secretary-General of World Council for Islamic Propagation Mr. Ridvan Çakir π President, Turkish-Islamic Union of Germany Shaykh Bashir Ahmad Dultz π German Muslim League Mr. Belal El-Mogaddedi π Mr. Ibrahim F. El-Zayat π Head of Public Relations, Federation of Islamic Organisations in Europe (FIOE) Dr. Sabiha El-Zayat π Centre for Islamic Women Studies, Institute for the Human Sciences (IESH), Paris Mr. Mesud Gülbahar π IGMG President of Youth Organisations, Germany Mr. Ali Kizilkaya π Head, Islamic Council of Germany Dr. Eyüp A. Köhler π Mr. Michael Muhammed Abduh Pfaff π German Muslim League Mr. Celal Tüter π IGMG President of University Org., Germany Mr. Recep Yildirim π Europe Association of Turkish Cultural Centers, Germany Mr. Osman Yoba π Mr. Nabil Chabib ≈ REPUBLIC OF GUINEA H.E. Mr. Cellou Dalein Diallo ∫ Prime Minister Mr. Al-Husayni Diallo ¶ Inspector General, Ministry of Justice Prof. Dr. Qutb Mustafa Sanu ◊ Department of Usul al-Fiqh, International Islamic University of Malaysia REPUBLIC OF INDIA H.E. Maulana Mahmood Madani § π Member of Parliament; General Secretary, Jamiat Ulema-i-Hindi Prince Ja‘far Al-Sadiq Mufaddal Sayf Al-Din § Islamic Intellectual Prince Taha Sayf Al-Din § Islamic Intellectual Prof. Dr. Sayyid Awsaf Ali § President of Hamdard University Prof. Dr. Akhtar Al-Wasi § Head of the Bureau of Islamic Studies, Dean of the College of Humanities and Languages; Director of the Dhakir Husayn Centre for Islamic Studies REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA H.E. Dr. Alawi bin Shihab ∫ Coordinating Minister for People’s Welfare and Special Envoy of the President Dr Muhammad Maftuh Basyuni ∞ Minister of Religious Affairs Dr. Tutty Alawiyah § President, Al-Shafi‘i Islamic University Amb. Rabhan Abd Al-Wahhab § Ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Shaykh Al-Hajj Ahmad Hashim Muzadi § Chairman of the Central Board of Nahdlatul Ulama, Indonesia Shaykh Rozy Munir § Vice-Chairman of the Central Board of Nahdlatul Ulama, Indonesia Mr. Muhamad Iqbal Sullam § International Conference of Islamic Scholars, Indonesia Dr. Muhammad Masyuri Naim ¶ Professor, Islamic University Prof. Dr. M. Din Syamsuddin π Chairman of Muhammadiyah ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN Supreme Spiritual Leader Grand Ayatollah  Al-Sayyid Ali Khamenei fatwa H.E. Dr. Mahmood Ahmedinejad ∫ President Grand Ayatollah Shaykh Muhammad Ali Al-Taskhiri fatwa § ¶ ◊ Secretary General, Forum for the Proximity of the Islamic Schools of Jurisprudence Grand Ayatollah Al-Sayyid Fadil Lankarani fatwa Grand Ayatollah Muhammad Waez-zadeh Al-Khorasani § ◊ Former Secretary General, Forum for the Proximity of the Islamic Schools of Jurisprudence Grand Ayatollah Prof. Dr. Al-Sayyid Mustafa Mohaghegh Damad § Director of the Academy of Sciences; Justice in the Ministry of Justice; Head of the Inspectorate General Hujjat Al-Islam Dr. Mahmoud Mohammadi Iraqi § Chairman of the Cultural League and Islamic Relations in the Islamic Republic of Iran Dr. Al-Sayyid Mahmoud Mar‘ashi Al-Najafi § Head of the Grand Ayatollah Mar‘ashi Al-Najafi Library Dr. Muhammad Ali Adharshab § Secretary-General, Arab-Iranian Friendship Society Mr. Murtada Hashim Bur Qadi § Secretary-General, Bureau for International Relations, Great Islamic Encyclopaedia Shaykh Abbas Ali Sulaymani § Representative of the Supreme Spiritual Leader in Eastern Iran Mr. Ghulam Rida Mirzai § Member, Consultative Council Dr. Syed Muhammad Rida Khatimi § Political leader; Former Deputy Speaker of the Iranian Parliament Shaykh Muhammad Shari‘ati § Former Advisor to the President of Iran; Member of Parliament Amb. Muhammad Kazem Khuwansari ◊ Permanent Representative of Iran to the Organization of the Islamic Conference Mr. Ma Sha Allah Mahmoud Shams Al-Waithin § Journalist and Writer Dr. Ruqayya Rustum Yurmaki * Imam Sadiq University Dr. Mojgan Sakhaei * Imam Sadiq University Shaykh Ahmad Mablaghi ◊ Professor, Qom Seminary Dr. Gholam Reza Noor-Mohammadi ◊ Director, Centre for Islamic Medical Research, Imam al-Sadiq University, Qom; Professor, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tehran Shaykh Hassan Jawahiri Zadeh ◊ Professor, Religious Seminary, Qom REPUBLIC OF IRAQ H.E. Mr. Jalal Talabani ∫ President Grand Ayatollah Al-Sayyid Ali Sistani fatwa Grand Ayatollah Shaykh Ishaq Al-Fayad fatwa Grand Ayatollah Al-Sayyid Muhammad Sa‘id Al-Hakim fatwa Grand Ayatollah Shaykh Bashir Al-Najafi fatwa Grand Ayatollah Al-Sayyid Shaykh Hussein Isma‘il Al-Sadr fatwa Grand Ayatollah Shaykh Husayn Al-Mu‘ayyad § * Knowledge Forum, Baghdad Grand Ayatollah Ahmad al-Bahadili § Islamic Missionary Shaykh Dr. Harith Al-Dari ≈ Head of Ulema organization Dr. Muhsin ‘Abd Al-Hamid ≈ Dr. Ahmad Abd Al-Ghaffur Al-Samara‘i § Head of the Diwan of the Sunni Waqf Al-Sayyid Abd al-Sahib Al-Khoei § Secretary General, Imam Al-Khoei Benevolent Foundation Al-Sayyid Muhammad Al-Musawi § Secretary General, World Islamic Ahl Al-Bayt League Shaykh Dr. Mahmoud Muhammad Dawud Al-Sumayda‘i ≈ Prof. Dr. Abd Al-Aziz Al-Duri § Researcher and Historian, Department of History, University of Jordan; Fellow of Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought Prof. Dr. Bashshar Awwad Marouf § * Researcher and Editor; Fellow of Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought Shaykh Abbas Ali Kashif Al-Ghita § College of Islamic Studies, University of al-Kufa Dr. Abd Al-Hamid Al-Najdi § Islamic Intellectual Shaykh Walid Faraj Allah Al-Asadi § College of Islamic Studies, University of al-Kufa Shaykh Prof. Dr. Ahmad Al-Kubaysi § ≈ Missionary and Islamic Intellectual Prof. Ghanem Jawad § Director of Cultural Affairs, Khoei Benevolent Foundation Mr. Muhammad Allawi § Assistant Director General, World Islamic Ahl Al-Bayt League Prof. Sa‘d Al-Malla § Islamic Intellectual Dr. Mustafa Abd Al-Ilah Kamal Al-Din § Islamic Intellectual Prof. Dr. Adnan Ali Al-Faraji * Islamic University Dr. Aziz Rashid Al-Dayini * Islamic University Dr. Abd Al-Qadir Mustafa Al-Muhammadi * Islamic University Mr. ‘Ala’ Al-Din Al-Mudarris * Researcher and Historian REPUBLIC OF IRELAND Mr. Nooh al-Kaddo π Director, Islamic Cultural Centre of Irelands ITALY Mr. Yahya Sergio Pallavicini § π Vice President, Islamic Religious Community of Italy (CO.RE.IS.) Dr. Ali Abu Shwaima π Head, Islamic Centre of Milan HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN H.M. King Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein ∫ Prof. Dr. HRH Prince Ghazi bin Muhammad § π Personal Envoy and Special Advisor to HM King Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein; Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought Shaykh Izzedine Al-Khatib Al-Tamimi § Islamic Affairs Advisor to HM the King; Chief Justice Prof. Dr. Abdul-Salam Al-Abbadi § ¶ ∞ ◊ Former Minister of Islamic Affairs; President, Aal al-Bayt University Prof. Dr. Shaykh Ahmad Hlayyel § ≈ Advisor to HM the King and Imam of the Royal Court Shaykh Said Al-Hijjawi § ≈ Grand Mufti of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Mr. Akel Bultaji § Advisor to HM the King Prof. Dr. Khalid Touqan § Minister of Education; Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research H.E. Shaykh Salim Falahat § Director General of the Muslim Brotherhood in Jordan H.E. Shaykh Dr. Abd Al-Aziz Khayyat § ◊ Former Minister of Religious Affairs Shaykh Nuh Al-Quda § Former Mufti of the Jordanian Armed Forces Prof. Dr. Khalid Al-Karaki § Deputy-Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought; President of Jerash Private University Prof. Dr. Ishaq Al-Farhan § President of Zarqa Private University; Former Minister of Education Prof. Kamil Ismail Hamdan Al-Sharif § ¶ Secretary General, International Council for Islamic Propagation and Relief Dr. Abd Al-Latif Arabiyyat § Former Speaker of the Lower House of Parliament; Chairman of the Consultative Committee of the Islamic Action Front Shaykh Abd Al-Karim Salim Sulayman Al-Khasawneh § Grand Mufti of the Jordanian Armed Forces Prof. Dr. Adel Al-Toweisi § * Former President of Aal al-Bayt University; Minister of Culture Prof. Dr. Yusuf Al-Ghaydhan § Dean of the University Faculty of Religion, Balqa’ Applied University Shaykh Hasan Al-Saqqaf § Advisor to the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought; Director of Imam Al-Nawawi Publishers and Distributors Eng. Marwan Al-Faouri § ≈ Chairman of the Forum for Moderation in Thought and Culture Mrs. Nawal Al-Faouri § ◊ Educator and Islamic Intellectual Prof. Dr. Abd Al-Nasir Abu Al-Basal § ◊ Former Dean of the Faculty of Islamic Law, Yarmouk University Mr. Bilal Al-Tal § ◊ Editor-in-Chief, Liwa’ Newspaper Prof. Dr. Azmi Taha Al-Sayyid § College of Jurisprudential and Legal Studies, Aal al-Bayt University Prof. Dr. Muhammad Hisham Sultan * Vice-President for Islamic Studies, Aal al-Bayt University Prof. Dr. Ziyad Al-Daghamin * Dean of the College of Jurisprudential and Juridical Studies, Head of the Preparatory Committee of the Internal Islamic Conference Dr. Rashid Sa‘id Shahwan ◊ Faculty of Islamic Propagation and the Fundamentals of Religion, Balqa Applied University Prof. Dr. Qahtan Al-Duri * Aal al-Bayt University Prof. Dr. Sharif Al-Shaykh Salih Al-Khatib * Aal al-Bayt University Prof. Dr. Abd Al-Majid Al-Salahin * Dean of the College of Islamic Law, University of Jordan Dr. Hayil ‘Abd Al-Hafiz ≈ Shaykh ‘Abd Al-Karim Al-‘Akor ≈ Mr. Haytham Al-‘Amayreh ≈ Dr. Muhammad Al-Khatib ≈ Mr. Hatim Al-Manasir ≈ Dr. Malik Al-Moumini ≈ Dr. Muhammad Al-Qada ≈ Dr. Fayez Al-Rabi‘ ≈ REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN H.E. Mr. Askar Mussinov ∫ Ambassador in Riyadh and Special Envoy of the President KENYA Shaykh Abdullahi Abdi π Chief Executive Officer, Northern Aid STATE OF KUWAIT H.H. Shaykh Sabah Al Ahmad Al Jaber Al Sabah ∫ Prime Minister Dr. Abdullah Matuq al-Matuq ∞ Minister of Awqaf and Religious Affairs Kuwait Prof. Dr. Abdullah Yusuf Al-Ghoneim § Head of the Kuwaiti Centre for Research and Study Dr. Adel Abdullah Al-Fallah § Undersecretary of the Ministry of Religious Affairs Dr. Mohamed Abdul Ghaffar Al-Sharif ◊  Secretary-General, Secretariat General of Religious Affairs Dr. Muhammad Abd Allah Ja‘far Al-Sharif ¶  Undersecretary of Waqf Foundation Dr. Khaled Madhkour Abdallah Madhkour ◊ Professor, Faculty of Shari‘ah, University of Kuwait Mr. Mutlaq Rashed Al-Qarawi ≈ Shaykh Dr. ‘Ajil Jassim al-Nashami ◊  Professor, Faculty of Shari‘ah, University of Kuwait Dr. Ahmad Raja‘i al-Jundi ◊  Islamic Organization for Medical Sciences, Kuwait KYRGYZ REPUBLIC H.E. Mr. Dastan Sarygulov ∫ Secretary of State REPUBLIC OF LEBANON H.E. Mr. Fouad Sinoura ∫ Prime Minister Prof. Dr. Hisham Nashabeh § Chairman of the Board of Higher Education Dean of Education at Makassed Association Al-Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah fatwa Shaykh Muhammad Rashid Qabbani ¶ Grand Mufti, Republic of Lebanon (Mufti of the Sunni Muslims) Prof. Dr. Sayyid Hani Fahs § ≈ Member of the Higher Shi‘i Council Shaykh Abdullah al-Harari fatwa § Head of the Habashi Order Prof. Dr. Ridwan Al-Sayyid § Faculty of Humanities, Lebanese University; Editor-in-Chief, Al-Ijtihad Magazine Prof. Muhammad Al-Sammak § ¶ Secretary-General of the National Council for Islamic-Christian Dialogue; Secretary-General for the Islamic Spiritual Summit Ja‘fari Qadi Shaykh Asad Allah Al-Harashi § Higher Islamic Shi‘i Council Shaykh Khalil Al-Mays § ◊ Mufti of Zahleh and Western Beqa‘ Shaykh Abd Al-Emir Qublan § Deputy Head of the Higher Shi‘i Counci Prof. Dr. Zakariyya Abd Al-Razzaq Al-Misri * Imam Al-Awza‘i University Prof. Dr. Ahmad Al-Sahmarani * Imam Al-Awza‘i University Dr. Muhammad ‘Assaf ≈ Dr. As‘ad Al-Sahmarani ≈ Shaykh Abd Al-Naser Jabri ≈ Shaykh Jamil Muhammad Husseini fatwa § Mr. Hasan Farhat § GREAT SOCIALIST PEOPLE’S ARAB JAMAHIIRIYA H.E. Mr. Abdel Rahman Mohamed Shalqam ∫ Minister of Foreign Affairs Prof. Ibrahim Ali Abu Al-Qasim Al-Rabu § ¶ Secretary of the Office of Conferences, International Islamic Propagation Society Dr. Al-Ujaili Farhat Al-Miri § Official for Dialogue in the International Islamic Popular Leadership Dr. Muhammad Al-Ziyadi ◊ President, International Islamic Call University Prof. Dr. Hamzah Abu Faris * Al-Fatih University Mr. Abd Al-Salam Muhammad Al-Sharif Al-Alim * Al-Fatih University MACEDONIA Mr. Rufat Sherifi π MALAYSIA H.E. Dato’ Seri Abdullah bin Haji Ahmad Badawi ∫ Prime Minister Dr. Anwar Ibrahim § π Former Deputy Prime Minister Dato’ Dr. Abdul Hamid Othman § Minister in the Office of the Prime Minister Prof. Dr. Kamal Hasan ¶ President of the Islamic International University, Kuala Lumpur Prof. Dr. Mohammad Hashim Kamali § π Dean of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilisation Mr. Shahidan Kasem § First Minister of Perlis State, Malaysia Mr. Khayri Jamal Al-Din § Deputy Chairman for the Youth Sector, the United Malays National Organisation Dr. Salih Qadir Karim Al-Zanki * International Islamic University MALDIVES H.E. Mr. Maumoon Abdul Gayoom ∫ President Dr. Mahmud Al-Shawqi § Minister of Education Shaykh Mohamed Rasheed Ibrahim ◊ President of the Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs REPUBLIC OF MALI H.E. Mr. Amadou Toumani Toure ∫ President Mr. Sidi Mohamed Youssouf Djire ◊  General President of the Islamic Foundation for Production ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF MAURITANIA H.E. Mr. Al Ould Mohamed Fal ∫ President H.E. Shaykh Abdallah Bin Bayyah fatwa π Former Vice President of Mauritania; Vice President of the International Union of Muslim Scholars Mr. Al-Hajj Wuld Al-Haji Ahmad ¶ Advisor to the Minister of Education and Islamic Guidance Mr. Cheikhna Bin Bayyah π MAURITIUS Shaykh Ghulam Muhammad § Chairman and Secretary General of the Blue Crescent Society MOLDOVA Mr. Abdulraheem Aljabari π KINGDOM OF MOROCCO H.M. King Mohammed VI ∫ Prof. Dr. Abbas Al-Jarari § ¶ Advisor to HM the King Prof. Dr. Abd Al-Hadi Bu Talib § Former Advisor to HM the King Amb. Al-Makki Kawan ∞ Ambassador of the Kingdom of Morocco to Kuwait, representing Dr. Ahmad Al-Tawfiq, Minister of Religious Affairs, Kingdom of Morocco Prof. Dr. Abdelhadi Al-Tazi § Fellow of the Royal Moroccan Academy; Former Ambassador Prof. Dr. Mohammad Farouk Al-Nabhan § Former Director of Dar Al-Hadith Al-Hasaniyya Prof. Dr. Ahmad Shawqi Benbin § Director of the Hasaniyya Library Dr. Hamdati Chbihanna Malainine ◊ Member, Supreme Constitutional Council; President, Regional Scientific Council, Al-Qunaitra Prof. Dr. Najat Al-Marini § Department of Arabic Language, Mohammed V University Dr. Abdul Filali Ansary § Director, Institute for the Study of Muslim Civilizations, Aga Khan University Dr. Abdel-Kabeer Al-Madghari ◊ Former Minister of Waqf and Islamic Affairs Dr. Maryam Ayat Ahmad ≈ Mr. Muhammad Al-Amin ≈ Mr. Muhammad Tullabi ≈ Dr. Sa‘d Al-Din Al-‘Uthmani ≈ REPUBLIC OF MOZAMBIQUE H.E. Mr. Aris Ali ∫ Minister of Education and Culture THE NETHERLANDS Mr. Zakaria Hamidi π Director, New Horizon REPUBLIC OF NIGER H.E. Mr. Hama Amadou ∫ Prime Minister FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA H.E. Mr Ibrahim Mousa Kazawari ∫ Ambassador in Riyadh H.H. Prince Haji Ado Bayero § Emir of Kano Mr. Sulayman Osho § Secretary General of the Islamic Conference for Africa Dr. Ahmad Limu ¶ Head, Organization of the Islamic Endowment for Education and Guidance Dr. Al-Khidr Abd Al-Baqi Muhammad * Researcher and Writer NORWAY Mr. Brahim Belkilani π  Journalist, ITRI Dr. Lena Larsen π  Coordinator, The Oslo Coalition on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, University of Oslo SULTANATE OF OMAN H.H. Al Syed Asaad bin Tareq Al Said ∫ Special Envoy of the Sultan Shaykh Ahmad bin Hamad Al-Khalili fatwa § ¶ ◊ Grand Mufti of the Sultanate of Oman Shaykh Ahmad bin Sa‘ud Al-Siyabi § ◊ General Secretary in the Office of the Grand Mufti Dr. Abd Allah Mubarak Al-Shanfari ¶ University Professor, University of Dhofar Shaykh Dr. Kahlan bin Nahban Al-Kharusi * ≈ Jurisprudential Advisor in the Office for the Issuance of Fatwas Mr. Aflah bin Ahmad Al-Khalili * Researcher in the Office for the Issuance of Fatwas Abd Al-Latif Al-Humaym ≈ REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN H.E. General Pervez Musharraf ∫ President H.E. Ambassador Muhammad Aslam ∞ Ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to Kuwait representing Dr. Muhammad I‘jaz Al-Haqq, Minister of Religious Affairs, Islamic Republic of Pakistan Shaykh Mufti Muhammad Taqi Uthmani fatwa ¶ ◊ Deputy Chairman, Islamic Fiqh Council, Jeddah; Vice President, Dar al-Ulum, Karachi Shaykh Dr. Muhammad Tahir ul-Qadri § π Director General, Centre for Islamic Research, Islamabad Prof. Dr. Zafar Ishaq Ansari § Director General, Centre for Islamic Research, Islamabad Dr. Reza Shah-Kazemi § π  Researcher and Islamic Intellectual H.E. Ambassador Arif Kamal § Ambassador of the Republic of Pakistan to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan H.E. Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Ahmad Ghazi § President, Islamic University, Islamabad; Former Minister of Religious Affairs, Pakistan STATE OF PALESTINE H.E. Mr. Ahmed Qorei ¶ Prime Minister Shaykh Dr. Ikrimah Sabri § ≈ ◊ Grand Mufti of Jerusalem and All of Palestine; Imam of the Blessed Al-Aqsa Mosque Shaykh Taysir Rajab Al-Tamimi § ≈ Chief Justice of Palestine Dr. Mustafa Mahmud Yusuf Abu Suway ¶ Lecturer in the Department of Philosophy and Islamic Studies in Al-Quds University Dr. Muhammad Ali Al-Salibi * Al-Najah University Dr. Marwan Ali Al-Qaddumi * Al-Najah University POLAND Dr. Samir Ismail π PORTUGAL Mr. Abdool Magid Vakil § π Chairman, Banco Efisa Mr. Sohail Nakhooda § π Editor-in-Chief, Islamica Magazine QATAR H.E. Shaykh Hamad bin Jassem Al Thani ∫ First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Prof. Dr. Shaykh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi fatwa § π Director of the Sunna and Sira Council; Vice President of the International Union of Muslim Scholars Shaykh Thaqil bin Sayer Zayd Al-Shammari ◊ ¶ Justice, Court of Cassation, Member of the Supreme Judicial Council Prof. Dr. Aisha Al-Mana‘i § Dean of the Faculty of Islamic Law, University of Qatar Shaykh Abd Al-Rahman bin Abd Allah bin Zayd Al Mahmud ¶ Member of Prominent Persons Committee, Organization of the Islamic Conference Dr. Ali Muhyi Al-Din Qaradaghi ◊ Professor, Faculty of Shari‘ah, University of Qatar Dr. Ali Ahmad Al-Salus ◊ Professor, Faculty of Shari‘ah, University of Qatar Shaykh Mohammad Haj Yusuf Ahmad ◊ Imam, Doha Mosque RUSSIAN FEDERATION Shaykh Rawi Ayn Al-Din § Mufti; Head of the Muslim Religious Administration Prof. Dr. Said Hibatullah Kamilev § ¶ Director, Moscow Institute of Islamic Civilisation Dr. Murad Murtazein § President, Islamic University, Moscow Mr. Rushan Abassoof § Director of External Affairs Department of Council of Muftis, Russia Mr. Yakupov Valiulla π Assistant to the Chief Mufti of Tatarstan KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA H.M. King Abdullah bin Abdel Aziz Al Saud ∫ King of Saudi Arabia; Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Dr. Abd Al-Aziz bin Uthman Al-Touaijiri § ¶ Director General, The Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO) H.E. Shaykh Abd Allah Sulayman bin Mani‘ ◊ Member, Council of Senior ‘Ulama’ of Saudi Arabia Dr. Hassan bin Mohamed Safar ◊ Professor, Islamic Studies Department, Faculty of Humanities King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah Mr. Abobakr Abdelfatah π Shaykh Ali Baddahdah π Dr. Salih Al-Wuhaibi ≈ Shaykh ‘Abd Allah Yahya ≈ Mr. Nabil Abd Al-Ilah Nassif ◊ Assistant to the President for Assistance Affairs, IDB, Jeddah Dr. Muhammad Jabr Al-Alfi ◊ Professor, Higher Judiciary Institute, Department of Comparative Jurisprudence, Riyadh Dr. Muhammad bin Yahya bin Hasan Al-Najimi ◊ Associate Professor, King Fahd Defence College Dr. Ahmad Abd al-Alim Abd Al-Latif ◊  Researcher, Department of Studies, The International Islamic Fiqh Academy, Jeddah Dr. Abd Al-Qahir Qamar ◊ Researcher, Department of Studies, The International Islamic Fiqh Academy, Jeddah Shaykh al-Habib Muhammad bin Abdurrahman al-Saqqaf § Dr. Mohamed Ali Al-Bar ◊ King Fahd Centre for Medical Research REPUBLIC OF SENEGAL H.E. Mr. Abdoulaye Wade ∫ President Mr. Al-Hajj Mustafa Sisi § ≈ Special Advisor to the President of Senegal Prof. Abdallah Bah § President of the Union of Volunteers in Islamic Education and Culture Prof. Abadir Tiyam ¶ University Press and President of the National Society, Dakar Prof. Ahmad Mukhtar Embo ¶ Former Director General, UNESCO, Paris Prof. Rohan Mbaye ◊ Director, Islamic Institute, Dakar REPUBLIC OF SIERRA LEONE H.E. Alhaji Dr. Ahmad Tejan Kabbah ∫ President REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE Dr. Yaqub Ibrahim § Minister of the Environment and Water Resources, and Muslim Affairs REPUBLIC OF SOMALIA H.E. Mr. Abdullah Youssef Ahmed ∫ President REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Shaykh Ibrahim Gabriels § Head of South African ‘Ulama’ SPAIN Mr. Mansur Escudero π Spanish Islamic Commission Mr. Ali Boussaid π Islamic League for Dialogue and Conviviality REPUBLIC OF SUDAN H.E. General Omar Hassan Al Bashir ∫ President Abd Al-Rahman Sawar Al-Dhahab § Former President of the Republic of Sudan Al-Imam Al-Sadiq Al-Mahdi ≈ Former Prime Minister of Sudan Head of ansar movement Dr. Isam Ahmad Al-Bashir § ¶ Minister of Guidance and Religious Affairs Mr. Tariq Ali Bakhit ¶ Director in the General Secretariat and Head of Cultural and Islamic Thought Committee, Khartoum Prof. Dr. Izz al-Din Umar Musa § Lecturer in the Department of History, Malik Saud University, Riyadh Dr. Muhammad Mahjub Harun ¶ Journalist and University Professor, University of Khartoum Dr. Ahmad Ali Al-Imam ¶ Advisor to the Sudanese President Dr. Mustafa ‘Uthman Isma‘il ≈  Former Foreign Minister of Sudan Special Envoy of the Secretary General of the Arab League Dr. Ibrahim Ahmad Uthman ◊  Secretary General, Supreme Judiciary Council Dr. Ahmad Khaled Babacar ◊ Secretary General of the Islamic Fiqh Academy of Sudan SWEDEN Mr. Mahmoud Khalfi Driri π SWITZERLAND Prof. Tariq Ramadan § π  Islamic intellectual SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC H.E. Mr. Farouk Al-Sharaa’ ∫ Minister of Foreign Affairs Shaykh Dr. Ahmad Badr Hasoun § Grand Mufti of the Syrian Arab Republic Prof. Dr. Muhammad Sa‘id Ramadan Al-Buti § ≈ Head of the Religion Department, Faculty of Law, University of Damascus Prof. Dr. Shaykh Wahba Mustafa Al-Zuhayli § ≈ ¶ ◊ Head of Department of Islamic Jurisprudence and its Schools, Islamic Law Faculty, Damascus University Dr. Salah Al-Din Ahmad Kuftaro § Director General, Shaykh Ahmad Kuftaro Academy and Islamic Intellectual Dr. Muhammad Tawfiq Sa‘id Al-Buti § Professor of Shari‘ah at Damascus University Dr. Mahmud Al-Sayyid ¶ Academic Researcher in the Centre of Islamic Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London Shaykh Abdallah Adhami § π Islamic missionary and scholar Dr. Muhammad Habash ≈ Dr. Muhammad Abd al-Latif Saleh al-Farfur ◊  Secretary General, International Scientific Academy Prof. Dr. Abd Al-Sattar Abu Ghuddah ◊ President of the United Shari‘ah Council of the Baraka Group, Jeddah REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN H.E. Mr. Imam Aly Rahmanov ∫ President THAILAND Mr. Wan Muhammad Nur Matha § Advisor to the Prime Minister Amb. Wiboon Khusakul § Ambassador of Thailand in Baghdad REPUBLIC OF TOGO H.E. Mr. Zarifou Ayéva ∫ Minister of Foreign Affairs REPUBLIC OF TUNISIA Mr. Mohamed Al-Ghanousi ∫ Prime Minister Prof. Dr. Al-Hadi Al-Bakkoush § Former Prime Minister of Tunisia Dr. Abu Baker Al-Akhzuri § Minister of Religious Affairs Prof. Dr. Ali Al-Shabi § Chairman of the Higher Islamic Council; Former Minister of Islamic Affairs Prof. Ibrahim Chabbouh § Advisor to the Higher Chairman of the Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought; Director of the Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought Shaykh Dr. Mohammad Al Habib ibn Al Khojah ◊ Secretary-General of the International Islamic Fiqh Council, Jeddah Prof. Dr. Muhammad Al-Bashir Al-Buzaydi ¶ Director of the Higher Institute for the Fundamentals of Religion, Zaytuna University Mr. Ahmad Al-‘Ujaymi ¶ Advisor in the Office of the Secretary General of the Organization of the Islamic Conference Shaykh Dr. Rachid Ghannouchi π Leader of Ennada Prof. Habib Shaybub § Writer and Historian Dr. Amir Al-Zamali § Advisor of Islamic World Affairs, International Committee for the Red Cross Dr. Shaykh Mohieddine Gadi ◊ The Higher Islamic Council, Tunis Shaykh Al-Tayyib Salama ◊  The Higher Islamic Council, Tunis REPUBLIC OF TURKEY H.E. Mr. Bulent Arinc ∫ President of the Grand Turkish Assembly Prof. Dr. Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu § π ◊ Secretary-General, Organisation of the Islamic Conference H.E. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Aydin π Minister of State, Government of Turkey Prof. Dr. Ali Bardakoglu ¶ Head of Religious Affairs Directorate Prof. Dr. Ali Auzak π Head of the Endowment for Islamic Scientific Studies, Istanbul Prof. Dr. Mualla Saljuq § Dean of the Faculty of Islamic Law, Ankara Prof. Dr. Mustafa Çagrici § π ≈ Grand Mufti of Istanbul and Professor of Islamic Philosophy Prof. Ibrahim Kafi Dönmez § Professor of Islamic Jurisprudence at the University of Marmara Dr. Ali Ihsan Bala * Yüzüncü Yil University Mr. Ufuk Gökçen π Advisor to the Secretary General of the OIC Mr. Mustafa Akyol π Writer and journalist Dr. Muhammet Aruçi π Turkish Religious Endownment (Diyanet Vakfi) Prof. Dr. Akif Aydin π Marmara University Mr. Kurtulu Aykan π Dr. Savas Barçin π Ms. Selin Bölme π Marmara University Prof. Ali Dere π Foreign Affairs Department, Presidency of Religious Affairs, Ankara Mr. Muammer Dumanli π Mr. Ahmet Hakan π Dr. Ibrahim Kalin π Assistant Professor of Islamic Studies, College of the Holy Cross, USA; Director, SETA Foundation, Ankara Prof. Recep Kaymakcan π Assistant Professor of Religious Education, Sakarya University H.E. Ambassador Fazli Kesmir π  Counsellor Turkish Embassy and Permanent Representative of Turkey to FAO, Rome Dr. Abdülhamid Kirmizi π Mr. Fehmi Koru π Journalist, Yeni Safak Dr. Ali Köse π Lecturer, Faculty of Theology, Marmara University Mr. Talha Köse π Prof. Talip Küçukcan π Centre for Islamic Studies, Istanbul Ambassador Ömür Orhun π OCSE Personal Representative on Combating Islamophobia Mr. Taha Özhan π Prof. Mehmet Paçaci π Faculty of Theology, Ankara University Mr. Ali Sarikaya π President, Islamic Conference Youth Forum for Dialogue and Cooperation Prof. Bülent Senay π Professor of Comparative Religion, Uludag University, Bursa Dr. Nazife Sisman π Dr. Ismail Taspinar π Faculty of Theology, Marmara University Mr. Ahmet Selim Tekelioglu π SETA, Anakara Dr. Nuri Tinaz π Centre for Islamic Studies, Istanbul Mrs. Ümare Yazar π Professor Ali Murat Yel π Lecturer in Sociology and Anthropology, Fatih University TURKMENISTAN H.E. Mr. Rashid Mirdov ∫ Minister of Foreign Affairs UKRAINE Mufti Shaykh Ahmad Tamim § Mufti of Ukraine UGANDA Mr. Anas Abdunnoor Kalissa ◊ Director of Research and Shari‘ah UNITED ARAB EMIRATES H.H. Shaykh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan ∫ President H.H. Ambassador Nasir bin Abd Allah bin Hamdan ¶ Mr. Ali bin Al-Sayyid Abd Al-Rahman Al-Hashim § Advisor to the President for Judiciary and Religious Affairs Shaykh Muhammad Al-Banani § Judge in the Supreme Federal Court Dr. Abd al-Salam Muhammad Darwish al-Marzuqi § Judge in the Dubai Court Dr. Muhammad Abdulrahim Sultan Al-Ulama ◊  Deputy-Dean of Scientific Research Affairs, United Arab Emirates University Dr. Hamad bin Al-Sheikh Ahmad Al-Chibani ◊ Director, Islamic Affairs and Awqaf Shaykh Mansur ‘Etah al-Minhali ◊ Secretary-General, Bureau for Islamic Affairs and Charitable Works, Dubai Dr. Ahmad Abdul Aziz Al-Haddad ◊ Chief Mufti, Bureau of Islamic Affairs and Charitable Works, Dubai Shaykh Talib Muhammad Al-Shehi ◊ Preacher, Ministry of Justice and Islamic Affairs Dr. Mahmud Ahmad Abu Layl ◊ Professor, Faculty of Shari‘ah, Al-‘Ain University Dr. Khalid Sulayman Al-Fahdawi ≈ Dr. Ali Muhammad Ujla ◊  Managing Editor, Manar Al-Islam Magazine Dr. Muhammad Al-Zuhaili ◊ Dean, Faculty of Shari‘ah, University of Sharjah UNITED KINGDOM Dr. Abbas Mahajarani § Member of the Imam Al-Khoei Benevolent Foundation Dr. Hassan Shamsi Basha ◊ Expert, The International Islamic Fiqh Academy, Jeddah Mr. Shams Vellani § Director, Special Studies, The Institute of Ismaili Studies Dr. Farhad Daftary § Associate Director, The Institute of Ismaili Studies Shaykh Yusuf Islam § Islamic Missionary Dr. Fuad Nahdi § Editor-in-Chief, Q-News International Shaykh Wanis Al-Mabrouk * Representative of the Union of Muslim Organisations of UK & EIRE Mr. Sharif Banna π Co-Founder, Awakening Records; President, Union of Muslim Students in the UK Mr. Sami Yusuf § π Islamic singer Mohamed Abdul Aziz π Director, Faithwise Dr. Manazir Ahsan π Director, The Islamic Foundation Mr. Khurshid Ahmed π British Muslim Forum (BMF) Mrs. Fareena Alam π Editor, Q-News International Dr. Anas Shaikh-Ali π Director, International Institute of Islamic Thought, London Mr. Ahmed Al-Rawi π President, Federation of Islamic Organisations in Europe Mr. Ismail Amla π Mr. Iqbal Asaria π Finance Director, Muslim Council of Britain Dr. Mehmet Asutay π Department of Economics, Durham University Mr. Yasar Çolak π Counsellor for Turkish Religious Affairs in London Mr. Said Ferjani π Muslim Association of Britain Dr. Sophie Gilliat-Ray π Cardiff University Mr. AbdelRahman Helbawy π Mr. Dilwar Hussain π The Islamic Foundation Mrs. Sarah Joseph π Editor, Emel Magazine Mr. Wakkas Khan π President, FOSIS Mr. Mustafa Köker π Chief Editor, Haber Newspapers (Turkish) Ms. Maleiha Malik π Department of Law, King’s College Ms. Unaiza Malik π Muslim Council of Britain Mr. Ahmed Sheikh Mohamed π Dr. Mohamed Mukadam π Association of Muslim Schools Mr. Ahmed Musawi π Prof. Farhan Nizami π Director, Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies Mr. Habibur Rahman π Sir Iqbal Sacranie π Former Secretary General of the Muslim Council of Britain Shaykh Haytham Tamim π Utrujj Institute Mr. Ahmed Versi π Editor, The Muslim News Mr. Shaukat Warraich π Community leader Shaykh Abdal Hakim Murad / Tim Winter § π Lecturer, University of Cambridge Mr. Haider Ali π Book distributor UNITED STATES OF AMERICA H.E. Prof. Dr. Seyyed Hossein Nasr § Author and Professor of Islamic Studies at the George Washington University Shaykh Hamza Yusuf Hanson § π President of the Zaytuna Institute Shaykh Faisal Abdur Rauf § Imam of New York City Central Mosque Prof. Dr. Ingrid Mattson § Professor of Islamic Studies, Hartford Seminary; President of the Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) Prof. Dr. Suleiman Abdallah Schleifer § Director Emeritus of the Adham Center for Television Journalism Mr. Nihad Awad § ≈ Executive Director, Council on American-Islamic Relations Shaykh Nuh Ha Mim Keller § π Islamic Missionary and Intellectual; Fellow of the Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought Sheikh Suhaib D. Webb π Islamic Missionary Dr. Caner Dagli π Special Advisor for Interfaith Affairs, Royal Hashemite Court of Jordan; Professor of Islamic Studies, Roanoke College, USA Prof. James Morris § π Univesity of Exeter Mr. Radwan Al-Masmudi ≈ Prof. Joseph Lumbard § Former Special Assistant to H.M. King Abdullah II for Interfaith Affairs REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN H.E. Mr. Shawkat Sirdayev ∫ Prime Minister Shaykh Muhammad Al-Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf § Grand Mufti of the Republic Prof. Yusufov Ortoqbek § Islamic Intellectual REPUBLIC OF YEMEN H.E. General Ali Abdullah Saleh ∫ President Shaykh Muhammad bin Muhammad Isma‘il Al-Mansur fatwa Shaykh Humud bin ‘Abbas al-Mu‘ayyad fatwa Shaykh Ibrahim bin Muhammad Al-Wazir fatwa § Secretary General of the Islamic Unification and Works Movement Shaykh Habib ‘Umar bin Muhammad bin Salim bin Hafiz § Principal, Dar al-Mustafa, Tarim Shaykh Al-Habib ‘Ali Al-Jifri § Islamic Missionary and Intellectual Shaykh Muhammad Abduh Umar ◊ Head, Bureau of Direction and Guidance, Permanent Committee of the General People’s Conference Prof. Dr. Husayn Al-Umari § Member of the Consultative Committee, Member of the UNESCO Executive Committee; Professor of Modern History, University of Sana‘a’

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